Which of the following factors are taken into consideration during Loss Trending?

Loss trending is a crucial aspect of actuarial analysis in insurance that focuses on identifying and evaluating the changes in loss experience over time to make informed decisions about future risks and pricing. The correct choice pertains to the analysis of potential changes in frequency, cost per claim, and exposure.

This aspect is vital because loss trends can be influenced by changes in how often claims are made (frequency), the average payout when a claim is filed (cost per claim), and the level of exposure (the amount of risk the insurer is taking on based on the insured parties). Analyzing these components helps actuaries forecast future loss costs more accurately and adjust premiums accordingly to maintain profitability while adequately covering risks.

Factors such as increased marketing efforts, shifts in demographic profiles, or regulatory changes, while they may impact the overall business strategy and setting of premiums, do not directly reflect the mechanics of how loss trending evaluates claims data. Therefore, for effective loss forecasting and trend analysis, the most relevant factors are indeed those related to claim frequency, costs per claim, and exposure levels.