What is implied if a claim is classified under IBNR?

When a claim is classified under Incurred But Not Reported (IBNR), it implies that the claim has occurred but has not yet been reported to the insurer. This term is pivotal in insurance accounting and reserve setting, as it reflects the insurer's obligation for events that have already taken place, yet for which no claim has been formally filed.

Understanding IBNR is crucial for accurately estimating liabilities and ensuring that reserves are sufficient to cover these potential future claims. This classification allows insurers to prepare for claims that are expected but not yet realized, thereby maintaining financial stability and regulatory compliance.

The other options do not accurately describe the nature of IBNR claims. Claims that have been paid or are reported and settled do not fall under this category, as they are already recognized and accounted for. Similarly, claims that are under investigation would not be classified as IBNR, as there is usually some level of reporting involved, even if the outcome is pending.